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  • Kata Takrifan
    A / R Afforestation and Reforestation
    AADCP ASEAN-Australia Development Cooperation Programme
    AAU Assigned Amount Unit
    ABS Access to genetic resources and benefit sharing, Acronym used in the context of biodiversity negotiations
    ACAP Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrel. One of the Agreements under the Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animal (CMS). Adopted in 2001, and entered into force in 2004
    ACB ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity
    ACDM ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management
    ACECA ASEAN-Canada Economic Cooperation Management
    ACEDAC ASEAN Centre for Development of Agriculture Cooperatives
    ACFTA ASEAN-China Joint Cooperation Committee
    ACP ASEAN Cooperation Plan
    ACSSOC ASEAN-China Senior Official Consultation
    ACT ASEAN Consultation to Solve Trade and Investment Issues
    ACTC ASEAN Centre for Combating Transnational Crime
    ACTR ASEAN Common Technical Requirements
    AD Avoided Deforestation
    Adaptation 1-ÿÿÿ Actions taken to help communities and ecosystems cope with changing climate conditions (UNFCCC)
    2-ÿÿÿ Genetically determined characteristic that enhances the ability of an organism to cope with its environment (CBD)
    ADB Asian Development Bank
    Additionality 1-ÿÿÿ Funding principal envisaged to ensure that the Global Environment Facility funds do not substitute for existing development finance but provide new and additional funding to produce agreed global environmental benefits.
    2-ÿÿÿ Approval test for projects under the CDM of the Kyoto Protocol. CDM projects are considered additional if they would not have taken place in the absence of the CDM
    ADORC Acid Deposition and Oxidant Resource Centre (Japan)
    ADPC ASEAN Agricultural Development Planning Centre
    AEC ASEAN Economic Community
    AEG ASEAN Experts Group
    AEGDM ASEAN Expert Group Meeting in Disaster Management
    AEG-IFPP ASEAN Experts Working Group on International Forest Policy Process
    AEM ASEAN Economic Ministers Meeting
    AEMC ASEAN-European Community Management Centre
    AEMM ASEAN-EU Ministerial Meeting
    AEP ASEAN Environmental Partnership
    AF ASEAN Foundation
    AFCC ASEAN Multi-Sectoral Framework on Climate Change: Agriculture and Forestry Towards Food Security (AFCC)
    AFMM ASEAN Finance Ministers Meeting
    AFoCO Asian Forest Cooperation Organization
    AFOLU Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use
    A forestation The direct human-induces conversion of land that has not been forested for a period of at least 50 years to forested land through planting, seeding and/or the human-induced promotion of natural seed sources (UNFCCC)
    Agenda 21 Programme of action on sustainable development adopted at the UN conference on Environment and Development in 1992, often referred to as the ?Blueprint for Sustainable Development?. Agenda 21 has 40 chapters dealing with all aspects of sustainable development, including social and economic dimension (combating poverty and promoting human health), conservation and resource management, major groups (e.g. women, indigenous people, business and unions), and means of implementation (e.g. financial resources, transfer of technology, public awareness and education)
    AFPIC ASEAN Forest Product Industry Club
    AFP Asia Forest Partnership
    AFTA ASEAN Free Trade Area
    AGB Above Ground Biomass
    AHEWS ASEAN Agricultural Hazards Early Warning System
    AHIA ASEAN Heads of Investment Agencies
    AHPISA Animal Health and Production Information System for ASEAN
    AHTEG Ad Hoc Technical Expert Group. Within the context of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), a group of expert?s convened one or serval times to provide expert advice to the Conference of the Parties on specific issues. Example: AHTEG on climate change and biodiversity
    AHTN ASEAN Harmonised Tariff Nomenclature
    AHTN RC ASEAN Harmonised Tariff Nomenclature Review Committee
    AIFM ASEAN Institute of Forest Management
    AIJSCC ASEAN-India Joint Sectoral Cooperation Committee
    AJCCEP ASEAN-Japan Committee on Comprehensive Economic Partnership
    AJCEP ASEAN-Japan Closer Economic Partnership
    AJCEPEG ASEAN-Japan Closer Economic Partnership Expert Group
    AJCGM ASEAN-Japan Consultative Group Meeting
    AJDF ASEAN Japan Development Fund
    AKECOP ASEAN-Korea Environmental Cooperation Project
    AKEG ASEAN-Korea Expert Group
    AKFTA ASEAN-Korea Free Trade Area
    AKTNG/TNC ASEAN-Korea Trade Negotiating Group/Trade Negotiating Committee
    AMAF ASEAN Ministers on Agriculture and Forestry
    AMBDC ASEAN Mekong Basin Development Cooperation
    AMS ASEAN Members States
    AMCAP ASEAN Minerals Cooperation Action Plan
    AMM ASEAN Ministerial Meeting
    AMME ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on the Environment
    AMMDM ASEAN Ministerial Meeting On Disaster Management
    AMMH ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Haze
    ANDIN ASEAN Natural Disasters Information Network
    Anthropogenic Emissions Greenhouse-gas emissions resulting from human activities, under the UNFCCC
    AOSIS Alliance of Small Island States. A negotiating group and an hoc coalition of 43 small island and low-lying coastal States in the UNFCCC
    ANZEC ASEAN-New Zealand Economic Cooperation Programme
    ANZJMC ASEAN-New Zealand Joint Management Committee
    APJSCC ASEAN-Pakistan Joint Sectoral cooperation Committee
    APAFRI ASEAN-Pacific Association of Forestry Research Institute
    APEC Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
    APFNet Asia-Pacific Network for Sustainable Forest Management and Rehabilitation
    APMI ASEAN Peatland Management Initiative
    APMS ASEAN Peatland Management Strategy
    APO Association Professional Officer / Asian Productivity Organization (Japan)
    ARC ASEAN Research Centre
    ARCBC ASEAN Regional Centre for Biodiversity Conservation
    ARD Agriculture, Reforestation, and Deforestation
    ARA Academic Research Agreement
    ARKN ASEAN Regional Knowledge Network
    ARPDM ASEAN Regional Programme on Disaster Management
    ASCC ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community
    ASEC ASEAN Secretariat
    ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations. A regional community of 10 States with the aim of accelerating economic growth and social progress, and promoting peace and security
    ASEAN-6 The six major Association of southeast Asian Nation (ASEAN) countries of Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand
    ASEAN-WEN ASEAN Wildlife Enforcement Network
    ASOEN ASEAN Senior Officials on Environment
    ASEP ASEAN Sub-Regional Environment Programme
    ASFCC ASEAN-Swiss Partnership on Social Forestry and Climate Change
    ASMC ASEAN Specialized Meteorological Centre
    ASNEM ASEAN Network for Environment Management
    ASOF ASEAN Senior Officials on Forestry
    ASPEN ASEAN Strategic Plan of Action on the Environment
    ATF Automotive Authorised Treatment Facilities Framework
    ATTC ASEAN Timber Technology Centre
    AWGCC ASEAN Working Group on Climate Change
    AWG-CCF ASEAN Working Group on Climate Change and Forest
    AWGEE ASEAN Working Group on Environmental Economics
    AWGEM ASEAN Working Group on Environmental Management
    AWG-KP Ad-Hoc Working Group on Kyoto Protocol
    AWG-LCA Ad-Hoc Working Group on Long Term Cooperation Action
    AMS ASEAN Member States
    AWG-SF ASEAN Working Group on Social Forestry (previously known as ASFN)
    AWG-FM ASEAN Working Group on Forest Management
    AWGFPD ASEAN Working Group on Forest Products
    Development
    AWGMEA ASEAN Working Group on Multilateral Environmental Agreements
    AWGNC ASEAN Working Group on Nature Conservation
    AWGNCB ASEAN Working Group on Nature Conservation and Biodiversity
    AWGTP ASEAN Working Group on Transboundary Pollution
    AWMS Animal Waste Management System
    Basel Convention Shorthand for the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Waste and their Disposal. Adopted in 1989, entered into force in 1992
    BAU Business as Usual, A BAU baseline represent a projection of what would happen without an intervention, and in this instances serves as a benchmark to measure the impact of REDD actions
    BAP Bali Action Plan
    BEI Building Energy Index
    Berlin Mandate A decision adopted at the first Conference of the parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and which led to the adoption of the Kyoto Protocol
    BCH Biosafety Clearing House (in context of the Biosafety Protocol)
    Binding Adjective which means that an instrument entails on obligation (usually for States) under international law.
    Biodiversity Shorthand for biological diversity. Variability among living organism from all sources including terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems, and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.
    Biomass Fuels Energy sources that are renewable as long as the vegetation producing is maintained or replanted, such as firewood, alcohol fermented from sugar, and combustible oils extracted from soy beans. Their use in place of fossil fuels cuts greenhouse gas emissions because the plants that are their sources recapture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
    Bioprospecting Exploration of biodiversity for commercially, scientifically, or culturally valuable genetic and biochemical resources
    Biosafety Set of measures or action addressing the safety aspects related to the application of biotechnologies (see biotechnology) and to the release into the environment to transgenic plants and other organisms, particularly microorganisms, that could negatively affect plant genetic resources, plant, animal or human health, or at the environment
    Biosphere reserves Sites recognized under UNESCO?s man and Biosphere Programme with innovate and demonstrate approaches to conservation and sustainable development. They are of course under national sovereign and ideas nationally, regionally and internationally within the Words Network of Biosphere Reserves. There are 482 sites worldwide in 102 countries.
    BOF Blast Oxygen Furnace
    Bonn Guidelines Shorthand for Bonn Guideline on Access to Genetic Resources and Fair and Equitable Sharing of the Benefits Arising out of Other Utilization. Adopted by the Sixth Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), in 2002
    Budgetary Cost Expected actual costs incurred by countries investing in capacity building policies and measures related to REDD. Calculated based on actual costs incurred historically for similar activities, adjusted where possible for country specific situations
    Brundtland Commission Short for the World Commission on Environment and Development. Named after its Chair, Gro Herlem Brundtland, Norwegian Prime Minister. The Commission produced a report in 1987, Our Common Future, which laid down the concept of sustainable development
    BUR Biennial Update Report
    BUR-ICA Biennial Update Report International Consultation and Analysis
    Bushmeat Meat for human consumption derived from wild animals
    CAT Cap and Trade. An emission trading system wherein an international or national regulator establishes an overall cap on emissions, issues emission units or rights, and allows the transfer and acquisition of such rights
    CAP Compliance Action Plan
    Capacity Building Process of developing the technical skills, institutional capability, and personnel
    Carbon Market A popular term for a trading system though which countries may buy or sell units of greenhouse-gas emission in effort to meet their national limits on emissions, either under the Kyoto protocol or under agreements, such as that among member states of the European Union
    Carbon sequestration The process of removing additional carbon from the atmosphere and depositing it in other ?reservoirs?, principally through changes in land use. In practical terms, the carbon sequestration occurs mostly through the expansion of Forest
    Carbon tax Tax by governments on the use of carbon-containing fuels
    Cartagena Protocol Shorthand for the Cartagena Convention for the Protection and Development of the Marine Environment of the Wider Caribbean Region. Adopted in 1983, entered into force 1986
    Caucus A group of like-minded delegations, which meet both during and outside negotiations to develop common positions and negotiation strategies
    CBO Community Based Organization
    CBD Convention on Biological Diversity. Adopted in 1992. Entered into force in 1993. One of the Rio Conventions
    CBD COP Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity
    C & I Criteria and Indicator
    CCAP Centre for Clean Air Policy
    CCPMs Common and Coordinated Policies and Measure
    CCCCC Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre
    CCD Convention to Combat Desertification in Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification
    CDI Capacity Development Initiative (GEF)
    CDM Clean Development Mechanism. One of the three market-based mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), whereby developed countries may finance greenhouse gas emissions-avoiding projects in developing countries, and receive credits for doing so which they may apply towards meeting mandatory limits on their own emissions (UNFCCC)
    CEECs Central and Eastern European Countries
    CEPA Communication, educations and public awareness
    CERs Certified Emission Reductions. Unit equal to one metric ton of carbon dioxide equivalent, which may be used by countries listed in Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol towards meeting their binding emission reduction and limitation commitments.
    CETDEM Centre for Environment, Technology and Development Malaysia
    CFCs Chlorofluorocarbon. A category of chemical substances that contributes to the depletion of the ozone layer. Regulated under Montreal Protocol.
    CFS Central Forest Spine
    CfRN Coalition for Rainforest Nations
    CG 11 Central Group 11
    CGRFA Commission on Genetic Resources for food and Agriculture. Permanent forum established in 1993 under the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), where governments discuss and negotiate matter relevant to genetic for food and agriculture
    CHM Clearing-house Mechanism
    CICERO Centre for International Climate and Environmental Research
    CIFOR Centre for International Forestry Research
    CISDL Centre for International Sustainable Development Law
    CITES Convention International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Adopted in 1973, entered into force in 1975.
    Climate Change Change of climate, which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods (UNFCCC)
    Climate Conventions The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol
    CLRTAP Convention on Long-range Trans-boundary Air Pollution
    CMS Convention on Migratory Species of Wild Animals. Also called the Bonn Convention. Adopted in 1979, and entered into force in 1983.
    Coalition A group of like-minded States or delegation that work together towards a common objective
    COFI Committee on Fisheries of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
    COFO Committee on Forestry
    COGEPAF Participatory Forest Management Committee (Benin) (known by its French acronym)
    CO2E Carbon Dioxide Equivalent
    Community Forestry Forestry management that includes local people in planning and implementing forestry activities
    Complementarities Funding principle according to which funded activities must be coherent with national programmes and policies to maximize global environment benefits
    Compliance Fulfilment by a Party of its obligations under an international agreement
    Compliance-Grade MRV A monitoring, reporting and verification (MRV) process that ensure reliable climate benefit, associated with real and measurable emission reductions and enhancement of removals (quantified in tonnes of CO@, equivalent) that are compliant with the standards required by the IPCC
    Conference of the Parties One of the designations for the main negotiating body under an international agreement. The COP is a policy-making body that meets periodically to take stock of implementation of the agreement and adopt decisions, resolutions, or recommendations for the future implementation of the agreement.
    consensus A made of adoption of decisions, resolutions, or recommendation without voting. A decision is adopted by consensus if there is no formal explicit, objection made. Whether there is consensus on an issues or not is determined by the presiding officer on the basic of the views expressed by delegates and his/her subjective assessment of the sense of the meeting.
    Contract Group A group formed during negotiations to reach consensus on an issue proving particularly contentious. May be established by the COP or a Committee of the Whole and is open to all Parties and sometimes to observers.
    Convention A binding agreement between States. Generally used for formal multilateral instruments with a broad number of parties
    COP Conference of the Parties
    COP/MOP Conference of the Parties to a Convention serving as Meeting of the Parties to a Protocol
    COW Committee of the whole. Subset of a Plenary, open to all Parties, to facilitate negotiations on specific issues. Often created by a COP to aid in negotiating text, it consists of the same membership as the COP. When the committee has finished its work, it turn the text over to the COP, which finalized and adopts the texts during a plenary session.
    CPA Component Project Activities
    CPF Collaborative Partnership on Forest. A partnership of 14 international organizations, the work of which has relevance to forest.
    CREHO Regional Ramsar Centre for Training and Research on Wetlands in the Western Hemisphere (known by its Spanish acronym)
    CRIC Committee for the Review of Implementations of the Convention. Within the context of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), the subsidiary body that reviews how Parties implement their commitments under the convention.
    CRP Conference Room Paper. Working documents during negotiations. The acronym is also used to reference these documents
    CSD (UN) Commission on Sustainable Development. Called for in Agenda 21 and established by ECOSOC as the highest level forum within the UN on sustainable development. Mandated to monitor the implementation of Agenda 21
    CSER Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility
    CV Curriculum Vitae
    Dbh Diameter at breast height
    DAF Development adjustment Factor
    DD Deforestation and Forest Degradation
    DEFRA Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (United Kingdom)
    DENR Department of Environment and Natural Resources the Philippines
    DEPI Division of Environmental Policy Implementation of UNEP
    Decision Formal expression of the will of the governing body of an international organization or international agreement. Usually binding but may also correspond to soft law
    Declaration A formal statement of aspirations issued by a meeting. Usually issued by higher-level representatives. A declaration is not binding
    Deforestation The direct human-induce conversion of forested land to non-forested land (UNFCCC)
    Degradation Changes within the forest that negatively affect the structure or function of the forest and thereby lower its capacity to supply products and/or service. With respect to REDD, degradation refers specifically to a reduction in carbon density
    DGD Decision Guidance Document
    DGEFC Division of Global Environment Facility Cooperation of UNEP
    Delegate Representative of a State or Organization who has been authorized to act on its behalf and whose credentials are in order
    Desertification Degradation of land in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas, resulting from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities (UNCCD)
    Dispute Disagreement on a point of law (e.g., the interpretation of an international agreement) or fact (e.g., an action taken by a State)
    DNA Designated National Authority
    DSA Daily Subsistence Allowance. Allowance paid to UN staff or delegates to a UN meeting, which intended to account for lodging, meals, gratuities and other business-related expenses during the period of the meeting
    EANET Acid Monitoring Network in East Asia
    ETS Emissions Trading Scheme
    EC European Community
    ECCP European Climate Change Programme
    ECOSOC Economic and Social Council of the United Nations
    Ecosystem Dynamic complex of plant, animal, micro-organism communities and their non-living environment, interacting as a functional unit (CBD). Ecosystems are irrespective of political boundaries
    Ecosystem approach Strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way (CBD, FAQ, and RAMSAR Convention)
    Ecosystem service Processes and functions provide by natural ecosystems that sustain life and are critical to of services to facilities such travel
    Eco-tourism Travel undertaken to witness site or regions of unique natural or ecological quality, or the provision of services to facilitate such travel
    EDN Earth Day Network
    EGTT Expert Group on Technology Transfer, a subsidiary body under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
    EIA Environment Impact Assessment. Process by which the environmental consequences of a proposed project or programme are evaluated and alternatives are analysed. EIA is an integral part of the planning and decision-making processes
    EIG Environmental Integrity Group
    EIT Economies in Transition
    Emissions trading Mechanism under the Kyoto Protocol through which Parties with emissions commitments may trade units of their emission allowances with other parties (UNFCCC)
    EMS Environmental Management System
    Endemic Native and restricted to a specific geographic area, usually referring to plants or animals
    Enforcement Range of Procedures and actions taken by a State and its competent, authorities to ensure that persons or organizations falling to comply with laws or regulations are brought back into compliance or punished through appropriate action
    Entry into force Coming into effect of an international agreement, i.e. time which an international agreement becomes legally binding for the States that have ratified it or acceded to it or otherwise expressed their consent to be bound by the agreement
    ERT Expert Review Team
    ERU Emissions Reduction Unit
    ER Emissions Reduction
    ES Ecosystem Service
    ETP Economic Transformation Programme
    ETS Emission Trading System
    EU European Union, an Intergovernmental and supranational union of 27 democratic member states. The European Union was established under that name in 1992 by the treaty on European Union (the Maastricht Treaty). Member in its own right of several international organizations and a Party to various international agreement, sometimes alongside its Member States
    European Commission The executive body of the European Union. Alongside the European Parliament and the council of the European Union, it is one of the three main institutions governing the Unions. Its primary roles are to propose and implement legislation, and to act as ??guardian of the treaties?? which provides the legal basis for the EU. The Commission negotiates international trade agreements (in the World Trade Organization) and other international agreements on behalf of the EU in close cooperation with the Council of the European Union
    Ex-officio Latin phase meaning ??by virtue one?s position or function??
    Ex-situ Latin phase meaning ??not the original or natural environment ??
    Ex-COP/ex-COP Extraordinary Conference of the Parties, Conference of the Parties held outside the normal scheduled cycle of meetings of the Conference of the Parties
    Executive Director Title of the head of some international organization
    Executive Secretary Title of the head of some international organizations or Secretariats of MEAs (e.g., Executive Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity)
    Extraterritorial Set of measures or laws that apply beyond a State?s jurisdiction
    FAO (UN) Food and Agriculture Organization
    FAR Fourth Assessment Report of the IRC
    FCO Fire Control Officer
    FCPF Forest Carbon Partnership Facility. A world bank program created to assist development countries in their effort to reduced capacity building for REDD activities in developing countries and the testing of a program of performance-based incentive payments in some pilot countries
    FDRS ASEAN Fire Danger Rating System
    FFI Fauna and Flora International
    FMRS Forest Monitoring System using Remote Sensing
    Final clauses/provision Clauses / provision of an international agreement that set the rules of the functioning of the agreement
    Financial rules Rules governing the financial administration of an international organization, a Conference of the Parties, subsidiary bodies, and the Secretariat
    FoC Friends of the Chair. An informal group of a few prominent negotiators invited to assist the Chair of a meeting, working group, or contact group to develop a consensus proposal on a specific issue
    Focal point An official or agency designated by a government to serve as the focus or channel of communications for a particular issues or agreement
    FORIS Forestry Information System
    FLEG Forest Law Enforcement and Governance
    FLEGT Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade
    FMUs Forest Management Units
    FPIC Free, Prior and Informed Consent
    Framework convention Convention that provide a decision-making and organizational framework for the adoption of subsequent complementary agreements (e.g., Protocol). Usually contains substantial provisions of a general nature, the details of which can be provide in the subsequent agreements
    FRL Forest Reference Level
    FSC Forest Stewardship Council
    FTSE Financial Times Stock Exchange
    GMAC Genetic Modification Advisory Committee
    GATT General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. The countries who signed the GATT occasionally negotiated new trade agreements. Each such set of agreements was called a ?round?. The Uruguay round in 1993 create the World Organization WTO to replace the GATT
    GBF Global Biodiversity Forum
    GBI Green Building Index
    GBO Global Biodiversity Outlook
    GC Governing Council
    GCOS Global Climate Observing System
    GDP Gross Domestic Products
    GEF Global Environmental Facility. Launched in 1991, Provides grant and concessional funds to developing countries for projects and programme targeting global environmental issues
    GEN Global Ecolabelling Network
    General Assembly Shorthand for the UN General Assembly. The main political body of the United Nations
    General Clauses/provision Clauses/provisions of an international agreement or decision that create the context, principal and directions helping the understanding and application of the rest of the agreement or decision
    GEO Global Environment Outlook
    GEZ Global Ecological Zone
    GGP Government Green Procurement
    CHGs Greenhouse Gases
    GIS Geographic Information System
    GISP Global Invasive Species Programme
    GITA Green Investment Tax Allowance
    GITE Green Income Tax Exemption
    GLBE Government Lead by Example
    GMEF Global Ministerial Environment Forum. Ministerial-level forums on environmental policy open to all states. Held periodically in conjunction with the sessions of the governing Council of UNEP
    GMO Genetically Modified Organism. Organism, plant or animal modified in its genetic characteristics by inserting a modified gene or a gene from another variety or species
    GNI Gross National Income
    GNP Gross National Product
    Governing Council The decision-making body of the UN Agencies, Programme and Funds; e.g.: Environment Programmes (UNEP)
    GOFC-GOLD Global Observation of Forest and Land Cover Dynamic
    GPPI Global Public Policy Institute
    GPG Good Practice Guide
    GRAs Genetic Resource Areas
    GRID Global Resource Information Database. The basis for UNEPs environmental assessment programme
    GRULAC Group of Latin American and Caribbean Countries. A regional negotiating group.
    GSPC Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. Outcome-oriented and target strategy adopted by the sixty Conference of the Parties to the Convention current and continuing rate of loss plant diversity
    GTZ German Agency for Technical Cooperation
    GTI Global Taxonomy Initiative
    GURTs Genetic Use Restriction Technologies
    GTFS Green Technology Financing Scheme
    GTP Government Transformation Programme
    GWP Global Warming Potential
    G77 Group of 77. Originally group of 77 developing countries established in 1964 at the first session of UNCTAD. Now gathering more than 160 developing states. The Group seeks to harmonize the positions of developing countries prior to and during negotiations. China sometimes also associates itself with the G77, in which case the group is refer G8 red to as G77/China or G77 plus China
    G8 Group of eight industrialized countries comprising Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the UK and the US
    HCVF High Conservation Value Forest
    Habitat Place or type of site where an organism or population naturally occurs (CBD)
    Hard law Term use to describe the legally binding nature of various agreements or provision, which leaves no or little room for discretion
    Haze Agreement Shorthand for the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution
    HCFCs Hydrochlorofluorocarbons. Regulated under the Montreal Protocol
    HFC Hydrochlorofluorocarbons. Regulated under the UN framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol as well as under the Montreal Protocol
    HFLD High Forest Low Deforestation
    HIGH FOREST LOW DEFORESTATION COUNTRIES
    High-level segment Segment of meeting composed of the highest-level representatives of State Parties attending the meeting
    Hotspot 1) Area particularly rich in total numbers of species
    2) Area of especially high concentrations of pollutants
    HoB Heart of Borneo
    HoF Head Of Forestry (FAO)
    HWP Harvested Wood Products
    IAMF International Association for Mediterranean Forest
    IAPs Immediate Action Plans
    ICCP Intergovernmental Committee for the Cartagena Protocol
    ICDP Integrated Conservation and Development Project
    ICE International Combustion Engine
    ICLEI Local Government for Sustainability
    ICRAF World Agroforestry Centre (formerly International Centre for Research in Agroforestry)
    IDR In-depth review (within the context of the UNFCCC)
    IEC Information, Education and Communication (under the Montreal Protocol)
    IEI Indonesian Ecolabelling Institute
    IET International Emissions Trading
    IFF Intergovernmental Forum on Forest
    IFM Integrated Flood Management
    IIED International Institute for Environment and Development
    IIFB International Indigenous Forum on Biodiversity
    ILO International Labour Organization
    IMF International Monetary Fund
    IMO International Maritime Organization (United Nation)
    INBAR International Network for Bamboo and Rattan
    INC Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee. Forum established to negotiate an international agreement
    INECE International Network for Environmental Compliance and Enforcement
    INF Information document. Usually provided during meetings to provide background information to draft decisions, resolutions and recommendations. These documents are not subject to negotiation
    IN Situ Latin phrase meaning ?within the original place?
    Indigenous people/s No universal, standard definition. Usually considered to include cultural groups and their descendants who have a historical continuity or association with a given region, or parts of a region, and who currently inhabit or have formerly inhabited the region either before its subsequent colonization or annexation, or alongside other cultural groups during the formation of a nations-state or independently or largely isolated from the influence of the claimed governance by a nation-state, and who furthermore have maintained, at least in part, their distinct linguistic, cultural and social / organizational characteristics, and in doing so remain differentiated in some degree from the surrounding populations and dominant, culture of the nation-state. Also includes people who are self-identified as indigenous, and those recognized as such by other groups
    Informal consultations Exchange of views among delegations which take place outside the formal setting of negotiations. Usually undertaken with the aim of identifying a compromise position
    Inter alia ?Among other things?. Often used in legal documents to compress lists of Parties etc
    Intervention Synonym for ?statement?
    Invasive species A species that invades natural habitats
    IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Established jointly by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and UNEP in 1998 to assess the scientific, technical and socio-economic impacts of climate change
    IPES International Payments for Ecosystem Services
    IPPC (1) International Plant Protection Convention. Adopted in 1952. Revised in 1997 and entered into force in 2005
    (2) Integrated Pollution and Control
    IPF Intergovernmental Panel on Forest
    IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resource Institute
    IPRs Intellectual Property Rights
    ISGAN International Smart Grid Action Network
    ISME International Society for Mangrove Ecosystem
    ISO International Organization for Standardization, Non-governmental organization, the members of which are national standards institute of 156 countries. Established in 1946 to facilitate the international coordination and unification of industrial standards
    ITPGRFA International Treaty of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Adopted in 2001, and entered into force in 2004
    ITTA International Tropical Timber Agreement
    ITTC International Tropical Timber Council
    ITTO International Tropical Timber Organization
    IUCN International Union of Conservation Nature or World Conservation Union. A hybrid international organization the membership of which composed of governments and non-governmental organization
    IUFRO International Union of Forestry Research Organizations
    Jakarta Mandate Shorthand for Jakarta mandate on Marine and Coastal Biological Diversity
    JCP Joint Certification Programme
    JI Joint Implementation
    KALTROP Kalimantan Tropical Peat Swamp Forest Research
    KP Kyoto Protocol A Climate Protocol to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
    Land degradation Reduction or loss, in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid, of the biological or economic productivity and complexity of rain fed cropland, irrigated cropland, or range, pasture, forest and woodlands resulting from land use or from a process or combination processes arising from human activity and habitation patterns
    LCCF Low Carbon Cities Framework
    LCS Low-Carbon Society
    LDC Least Developed Countries. Countries at the lowest level of the scale of development. Status defined according to level of income, human resources, and economic vulnerability
    LEAD Low Emissions Asian Development
    LEAF Lowering Emissions in Asia?s Forest
    Leakage GHG emissions displacement that occurs when interventions to reduce emission in one geographical area (sub-national or national) cause an increase in emissions in another area through the relocation of activities
    LFCCs Low Forest Cover Countries
    LFG Landfill Gas
    Like-Minded Group of delegations that share common interests and positions on specific issues
    Like-Minded Megadiverse Countries A negotiating group of 17 megadiverse countries among those that collectively account for 70% of the world?s biodiversity. Mainly operates during negotiating on access to genetic resources and benefit sharing under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
    LUCC Land-Use and Land-Cover Change
    LULUCF Land-Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry
    MAI Mean Annual Increment
    Management Authority Within the context of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), National body responsible for implementation of the Convention
    MAR Monitoring, Assessment and Reporting
    Marrakech Accords Series of decisions adopted at the seventh Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), related to the Kyoto Protocol
    MAT Mutually Agreed Terms, within the context of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
    May As negotiating language, ?may? entails discretionary action and creates no obligation for the addressee. It is not binding
    MDG Millennium Development Goal. A set of eight goals and associated targets to achieve poverty alleviation by 2015, which found their origin in the Millennium Summit.
    MEA Multilateral Environmental Agreement. Shorthand for the Multilateral conventions protocols and other binding instrument, relate to the environment. Usually applied to instruments of a geographic scope wider than that of a bilateral
    Meeting Generic term used for conferences, summits, sessions, etc.
    Meeting of the Parties A body equivalent to the Conference of the Parties.
    Megadiverse Countries Countries which collectively account for 70% of the world?s biodiversity. These countries include Australia, Brazil, China, Colombia, Congo, Ecuador, India, Indonesia, Madagascar and Malaysia.
    Member State State which is a member of an international organization
    Memorandum of Understanding A simplified type of international instrument which can be concluded between states, between States and International organization or between international organizations
    MEPS Minimum Energy Performing Standards
    MFF Mangroves for the Future
    MRV Monitoring, Reporting and Verification
    MRSA Malaysian Remote Sensing Agency
    Micro-organism Group of microscopic, organism, some of which cannot be detected without the aid of a light or electron microscope, including viruses, prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) and eukaryotic life forms, such as protozoa, filamentous fungi, yeasts and micro-algae
    Millennium Ecosystem Assessment A global assessment of the earth?s ecosystems supported by the UN secretary-General
    Mitigations In the context of the UN Framework Convention on Climate change (UNFCCC) and its Kyoto Protocol, actions to cut net emissions
    MOFCOM Ministry of Commerce of People's Republic of China
    Montreal Protocol Shorthand for the Montreal Protocol and Substances that Deplete the Ozone layer
    MOP Meeting of the Parties
    Motion Formal oral proposal on a matter of procedure
    MSPO Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil
    MSW Municipal Solid Waste
    MTC Malaysian Timber Council
    MTCC Malaysian Timber Certification Council
    MTCS Malaysian Timber Certification Scheme
    Multilateral Fund Shorthand for the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol. Assists developing countries to implement the Montreal Protocol.
    Must As negotiating language ?must? creates an obligation to act for the addressee. It is binding
    Mutatis Mutandis Latin phrase meaning ?with such changes as are necessary on the points of detail?
    MyGAP Malaysian Good Agriculture Practises
    MYPOW Multi-Year Programme of Work
    NAMA Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Action
    NAPA National Adaptation Programme Action
    NAP National Action Plan
    NBSAP National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan
    NC National Communications. Under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) document by which a Party informs other Parties of activities undertaken to mitigate climate change
    NC2 Second National Communication
    NC3 Third National Communication
    NCBURNSC National Communication and Biennial Update Report National Steering Committee
    NBF National Biodiversity Framework
    NEB National Energy Balance
    NEM New Economic Model
    NFA National Forestry Act
    NFI National Forest Inventory
    NFP National Forestry Policy
    NFP National Focal Points
    NFP National Forest Programme
    NFPF National Forest Programme Facility
    NFPWGFPP National Focal Points Working Group for Forest Products Promotion
    NGO Non-governmental Organization Applied to community groups and not-for-profit organizations. In the UN system it also includes business associations
    NKEA National Key Economic Area
    NKRA National Key Results Area
    Non-paper Informal text aimed at facilitating negotiations. It is not a formal proposal
    Non-Party Refers to a state that has not ratified acceded, or otherwise become a party to an international agreement. As a Non-Party, a State may have limited rights to participate in negotiations or deliberations under the agreement, or to invoke provision of the agreement.
    Notification Formal communication that bears legal consequences
    NSC National Steering Committee
    NSCCC National Steering Committee on Climate Change
    NSCREDD National Steering Committee for REDD+
    NSF National Science Foundations of the United States
    NTFPs non-timber forest products
    NWFP Non-Wood Forest Products
    ODA Official Development Assistance. Also known as ?foreign aid?. Consist of loans, grants, technical assistance and other forms of cooperation from developing countries
    Objection Oral or written statement by which a delegation informs a meeting that it objects to the adoption of a proposed decision, resolution, recommendation, or measure
    Observer Non-state or state actor invited to participate in a limited capacity in discussions during negotiations. Observers are not allowed to negotiate text and have no voting powers. In practice, some observer States do negotiate, although they do not participate in final decision making
    OECD The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. An organization of 30 advanced economies on North America, Europe and the Pacific region that share a commitment to democratic government and a market economy. Originated in 1948 as the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC), to help administer the Marshall Plan for the re-construction of Europe after Worlds War II
    OPEC Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. Organization of eleven developing countries whose economies rely on oil export revenues
    Opportunity cost The cost incurred bt countries changing existing activities in order to reduced deforestation and incentivize the protection of standing forest (e.g., forgone profit from not issuing timber harvesting concessions). Used primarily to calculate costs of abatement beyond interim period
    Order Call to order. Direction by the presiding officer of a meeting that a delegate or group of delegates should be silent to allow the meeting?s proceedings to take place in an orderly manner
    PAC Project Appraisal Committee
    PA Protected Areas, Geographically defined area which is designated or regulated, and managed to achieve specific conservation objectives (CBD)
    PAMs Policies and Measures
    PNG Papua New Guinea
    Party Refers to State 9 or regional economic integration organization such as the European Union that has ratified, acceded to, or otherwise formally indicated its intent to be bound by an international agreement, and for which the agreement is in force. Also called ?Contracting Party?
    Patent Government grant to temporary monopoly rights on innovative processes or products
    PEFC Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification schemes.
    Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues Advisory body to the ECOSOC, established in 2000 to discuss indigenous issues related to economic and social development, culture, the environment, education, health and human rights
    Permanent Representative The head of a permanent mission
    PES Payments for Environmental Services
    Plenary The main meeting format of a Conference of the Parties or a Subsidiary Body
    Plenipotentiary Individual who carries or has been conferred the full powers to engage the State he or she represents
    PMU Project Management Unit
    POA Programme of Activity
    Point of order Formal question raised by a delegation as to whether the proceedings are in order or a particular action by a delegate or a presiding officer follows the rules of procedure
    Policies and Measures Steps taken or to be taken by countries to achieve greenhouse gas emissions targets under the Kyoto Protocol (UNFCCC)
    Preamble Set of opening statements called ?recitals?, of an international agreement, decision, resolution or recommendation that guides the interpretation of the document
    Precautionary approach/ principle Approach/principle according to which the absence of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing action where there is a risk of serious or irreversible harm to the environment or human health
    Primary forest Forest largely undisturbed by human activities
    PRFs Permanent Reserve Forests
    PROFOR Programme on Forest (World Bank)
    Protocol 1)ÿÿÿ International legal instrument appended or closely related to another agreement, which constitutes a separate and additional agreement and which must be signed and ratified by the parties to the convention concerned
    2)ÿÿÿ Rules of diplomatic procedure, ceremony and etiquette
    3)ÿÿÿ Department within a government or organization that deals with relations with other missions
    Provision agenda Draft agenda of a meeting that has yet to be adopted
    PCS Project Steering Committee
    QELROS Quantified Emissions Limitation or Reduction Commitments
    Quorum The minimum number of parties or members that must be present for a meeting to start or decisions to be made. The quorum is stated in rules of procedure, ant it may be expressed in absolute numbers or as a percentage of an overall number
    RAMSAR Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat
    RAFT Responsible Asia Forestry and Trade
    RE Renewable Energy
    REDD Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation
    REDD-plus Reducing emission from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries; and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forest and enhancement of forest carbon stock in developing countries.
    RECOFTC the Regional Community Forestry Center for Asia and the Pacific
    ReFOP Regional Forest Programme Southeast Asia
    Rapporteur 1) Delegate elected/nominated to prepare or oversea the preparation of the report of a meeting
    2) Person appointed by a body to investigate and issue or function and report back to that body
    Ratification Formal process by which a Head of State or appropriate governmental official or authority signs a document which signals the consent of the State to become a party to an international agreement once the agreement has entered into force and to be bound by its provisions
    Reference levels A reference level defines the level of deforestation or forest degradation that performance is measured against. Reference level can be based on historical or projected deforestation/forest degradation rates, both on the national and on global level
    RER Reference Emission Rate
    Recommendation Formal expression of an advisory nature of the will of the governing body an international organization or international agreement. It is not bidding
    Reforestation The direct human-induced conversion of non-forested land
    Reservation Unilateral statement made by a State upon signature, ratification, acceptance, approval or accession to an international legal instrument, indicating that it wishes to exclude or after the legal effect of certain provisions in their application to that State
    Resolution Formal expression of the opinion or will of the governing body of an international organization or international agreement. Usually non-binding
    RFC Regional Forestry Commission (FAO)
    Rio Conference Shorthand for the United Nationals Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil in 1992
    Rio Declaration Shorthand for the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development adopted at the Rio Conference, the UN conference on Environment and development in 1992. Set of 27 principles on sustainable development
    RIL Reduced impact Logging
    RIS Ramsar (Convention) Information Sheet
    RS Remote Sensing
    RSPO Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil
    Rules of Procedure Set of rules adopted by a meeting to govern the work and decision making of its formal settings
    SAR Second Assessment Report (of IPCC)
    SBI Subsidiary Body Implementations-in the context of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
    SBSTA Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice-In the context of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
    SBSTTA Subsidiary Body for Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice-In the context of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
    SDC Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation
    SDG Sustainable Development Goal
    SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment
    Secretariat The body established under an international agreement to arrange and service meeting of the governing body of the agreement and assist Parties in coordinating implementation of the agreement
    Session Meeting or series of meetings of a particular body
    SFM Sustainable Forest Management. Concept according to which the full range of social, economic and environmental values inherent forests are managed and sustained
    As negotiating ?shall? creates an obligation for action for the addressee. It is binding
    Shall
    Should As negotiating language ?should? entails an advice not an obligation, to do something. However, while non-binding, it implies a stronger imperative than ?may?
    Show of hands Type of voting procedure by which delegations raise a hand or nameplate to signal ?yes?, ?no?, or ?abstain?. A vote by show of hands is an no-recorded vote
    SIA Sustainability Impact Assessment
    SIDS Small Island Developing States. Low-Lying coastal countries that share similar development challenges and concerns about the environment, especially their vulnerability to the adverse effects of global climate change
    Signatory A State that has negotiated and signed an international agreement
    Single negotiated text Draft text compiling all the delegations proposals into a coherent whole
    Sinks In the context of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol, any process, activity or mechanism which removes a greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of the greenhouse gas from atmosphere. The major sinks are forest and other vegetation which remove carbon dioxide through photosynthesis (UNFCCC)
    SLF State Land Forest
    SOM Senior Officials Meetings
    SOM-AMAF Senior Officials Meetings-ASEAN Ministers on Agriculture and Forestry
    A fund established under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) to finance projects relating to adaptation; technology transfer and capacity building; energy, transport, industry, agriculture, forestry and waste management, and economic diversification
    Special Climate Change Fund
    Sponsor Delegation which proposes a decision, resolution, recommendation, or amendment for adoption by a meeting
    Square brackets Typographical symbols placed around text under negotiation to indicate that the language enclosed is being discussed but has not yet been agreed upon
    Stakeholder Individuals or institutions (public and private) interested and involved in a process or related activities
    Stalemate Points at which negotiations make no progress. Usually temporary situation
    Stalled Said of negotiations which are making no progress. Usually temporary situation
    Standard Nomenclature The scientific names adopted but the Conference of the parties to the Convention on International trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) for CITES-Listed species
    Standing Committee Committee established under various international agreements to perform certain function as agreed to by the Conference of the Parties
    Statement Oral or written expression of opinion
    Status quo Latin phrase meaning ?the current state of affairs?
    Steering Committee Restricted group of individuals planning the work of a major meeting. Deals exclusively with procedural matters
    Subsidiary body A body usually created by the governing body of an international agreement or international organizational, with a specific mandate
    Sustainable Development Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generational to meet their own needs
    Sustainable Use Use in a way and at rate that does not lead to the long-term degradation of the environment. Thereby maintaining its potential to meet the needs and aspirations of present and future generations
    Synergies Result of joint actives that go beyond the sum of individuals actives, making effort more effective and efficient
    SWDS Solid Waste Disposal Site
    SWG Sub-Working Group
    Taxonomy Naming and assignment of biological organism to taxa
    Technology Transfer Transmission of know-how, equipment and Products to governments, organizations or other stakeholders. Usually also implies adaptation for use in a specific cultural, social, economic and environmental context
    TDERM Tropical Deforestation Emission Reduction Mechanism
    TFRK Traditional Forest-Related Knowledge
    TK Traditional Knowledge
    TNA Technology Needs Assessments
    TNC The Nature Conservancy
    TNC Third National Communication
    To cast a vote To Vote
    To give the floor Permission granted by the presiding officer of a meeting to make a statement
    To seek the floor To ask permission to the presiding officer of a meeting to make a statement
    To table a proposal To present the text a proposal for consideration by other delegations
    To take the floor To make a statement during a meeting
    ToRS/TORS Terms of Reference. The mandate and scope for work of body or individual
    Traditional Knowledge The knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous people and local communities. Traditional knowledge is the object of various MEA provisions, including Article 8(j) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
    Treaty International agreement concluded between states in written form and governed by international law, whether embodied in a single instrument or in two or more related instruments and whatever its particular designation [Vienna Convention on the law of Treaties]
    TPA / PA Totally Protected Areas
    TREES Trans-agency Resources for Environment and Economic Sustainability
    Type II Partnership A multi-stakeholder partnership involving, inter alia, government, non-governmental organizations, business, universities, and/or other institutions. Type of partnership launched at the World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) to implement commitment embedded in the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation
    TWG Technical Working Group
    Umbrella Group A negotiating group within the climate change negotiations. The loose coalition is usually made up of Australia, Canada, Iceland, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, the Russian Federation, Ukraine and the US
    UN United National
    Unanimity Type of decision making. A decision is adopted by unanimity when it has received the support of all delegations. Established by show of hand, voting or other means
    UNCCD United Nationals Conservation to Combat Desertification
    UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
    UNCLOS United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
    UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
    UNDG United Nations Development Group. A forum bringing together UN agencies working in development and the Millennium Development Goals
    UNDP United Nations Development Programme
    UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
    UNEP-WCMC UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre
    UNESCO United Nations Educations, Scientific and Cultural Organization
    UNGA Session of the UN General Assembly
    UNGAS Special Session of the UN General Assembly
    UNFCCC United Nations Framework Conservation on Climate Change
    UNFF United Nations Forum on Forest
    UNICEF United Nations Children?s Fund
    UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development Organisation
    USAID United States Agency for International Development
    USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
    VCS Verified Carbon Standard
    VCU Verify Carbon Unit
    VER Verified Emission Reduction
    Verbatim Latin Phrase meaning ?world-for-word?, ?in full?. ?way of recording a meeting?s discussion?
    Verification Independent third-party assessment of actual emission reduction
    Voluntary commitments A draft article considered during the negotiation of the Kyoto Protocol that would have permitted developing countries to voluntarily adhere to legally binding emissions targets. The issue remains important for some negotiators but the proposed language was dropped in the final phase of the negotiations
    Voluntary Contributions A contributions of any kind that unlike Assessed Contribution, is not assessed under a binding international agreement, including the furnishing of fund for other financial support, services of any kind (including the use of experts or other personnel) or commodities, equipment, supplies, or other materials
    Vulnerability The degree to which a community, population species, ecosystems, region, agricultural system, or some other quantity is susceptible to, or unable to cope with, adverse effect of climate change
  • Kata Takrifan
    AGRADASI Pembentukan permukaan bumi terutamanya dasar sungai disebabkan oleh longokan kelodak atau bahan organik yang telah reput.
    AGREGAT Bahan mineral yang boleh dijadikan partikel untuk membuat simen.
    AIR DALAM TANAH Zon air yang terdapat di bawah tanah yang mengalir dari permukaan bumi dan di bawah pengaruh graviti.
    AKTA HUTAN Akta untuk mengadakan peruntukan bagi pentadbiran, pengurusan dan pemuliharaan hutan dan pembangunan perhutanan dalam negeri di Malaysia bagi maksud tertentu
    AKTIVITI REKREASI ALAM SEMULA JADI Aktiviti hiburan yang dilakukan di kawasan semuala jadi untuk menikmati keindahan alam sekitar
    ALAT PENANDA Pistol penyembur cat tanda pada pokok
    ALAT PENEPIS API Alat pemadam api yang diperbuat daripada kain dan pemegangnya daripada kayu. Alat ini digunakan sebagai pemukul api bagi memadamkan kebakaran kecil seperti rumput dan sampah sarap
    ALAT PENYALAAN Perkakas yang digunakan untuk menyalakan api atau bahan bakar bagi tujuan pembakaran
    ALUR Hakisan gaung
    ANAK BENIH PEMULIHAN Anak benih yang digunakan untuk memulihkan sesuatu kawasan hutan
    ANAK LIAR Anak benih pokok di lantai hutan yang diambil daripada anak pokok liar untuk penanaman semula
    ANGGOTA ANGKATAN TENTERA Seseorang anggota angkatan tentera yang berpangkat tidak rendah daripada Lans Koperal;
    API APITAN/API SISI Kebakaran yang berlaku secara selari dengan menghadap arah haluan angin akan membakar sesuatu kawann dengan lebih cepat dengan intensiti pembakaran yang tinggi
    ARAH REBAH Hala tuju penumbangan pokok yang ditentukan mengikut ciri pokok dan keadaan persekitaran seperti kepadatan/saiz silara, kecondongan dan kedudukan pokok
    ARAS Aras tempat penyukatan dibuat. Ketinggian pengukuran
    ARAS DADA Ketinggian piawai untuk mengukur lilit, diameter dan luas pangkal pokok hidup. Ketinggian yang digunakan ialah 1.30 m atau 4 ka 3 in, tetapi di sesetengah negara seperti Amerika Syarikat, ketinggian yang digunakan ialah 1.37 m atau 4 ka 6 in dari aras tanah
    ARAS KEROSAKAN EKONOMI Tahap kerosakan pada dirian atau pokok yang masih dapat diterima dari segi ekonomi
    ARBORETUM Kawasan yang ditanam dengan spesies pokok tertentu bagi tujuan pemuliharaan sumber genetik, pendidikan dan penyelidikan
    ASING Eksotik
    ASLI Berkenaan tumbuhan asal dari sesebuah negara
    BAHAN BAKAR RINGAN Bahan mudah terbakar seperti daun, ranting dan damar kering
    BAKARAN BEBAS Pembakaran secara terbuka dan tidak terkawal
    BAKARAN RINGAN Pembakaran berkala untuk mengelakkan timbunan bahan api yang banyak yang sukar dikawal jika terbakar
    BALAI PEMERIKSAAN HUTAN Suatu tempat di mana semua hasil hutan dibawa untuk diukur, ditimbang atau dikira untuk ditaksir royalti, ses pembangunan hutan dan caj-caj hutan yang lain.
    BALAK Bahagian batang pokok kayu yang biasanya mempunyai panjang yang sesuai untuk diproses menjedi hasil kayu, seperti papan gergaji atau papan lapis
    BALAK PENGIKAT Balak yang disusu pada posisi tertentu bersama dalam longgokan untuk memantapkan longgok tersebut
    BALAK TERAPUNG Balak ringan yang lazimnya telah dikeringkan dan diapungkan di permukaan air sebelum dihantar ke kilang
    BANCI Pengiraan popilasi sepenuhnya
    BANCIAN Aktiviti mendapatkan maklumat bilangan sepesies dan saiz pokok dalam sesuatu kawasan hutan
    BANCIAN HUTAN Mendapatkan maklumat mengenai kualiti dan kuantiti sumber hutan serta cirinya yang pelbagai seperti spesies, saiz dan bilangan pokok serta bentuk topografi kawasan hutan tersebut. Proses ini bertujuan mengusahakan hasil dan mengurus kawasan hutan.inventori hutan
    BANGKA Pokok yang melampaui tahap matang
    BANIR Akar pokok yang tumbuh dan kelaur di atas paras tanah pada pangkal pokok-pokok besar seperti beringin, merbau atau pauh kijang
    BANJARAN PERSISIRAN Kawasan bukit yang terdapat di persisiran pantai
    BANTERAS (KEBAKARAN) Langkah awal untuk mengelakkan kebakaran dengan cara membuang atau memindahkan bahan mudah terbakar dari kawasan tersebut
    BANTUAN PERHUTANAN Sebarang bantuan dan pertolongan yang diberikan oleh pihak-pihak tertentu dalam bidang perhutanan sama ada dari segi perkhidmatan, tunjuk ajar, nasihat atau kewangan
    BASMIAN HUTAN Proses penghapusan tumbuhan hutan atau penukaran kegunaan tanah hutan
    BATANG Bahagian batang pokok dari banir hingga ke dahan utama.
    BATANG BERSIH Tinggi batang sehingga dahan hidup yang pertama
    BATANG BOLEH NIAGA Panjang batang pokok dari pangkal ke hujung paling kecil yang boleh diusaha hasil dan diniagakan
    BATAS SEMAIAN Jalur tanah yang disediakan untuk menyemai anak benih
    BATU LUMPUR Batu lembut yang terbentuk daripada pengerasan lumpur
    BAYARAN RAGUTAN Perbezaan antara jumlah kos ragutan di atas tanah awam (terbuka) dan jumlah kos ragutan di atas tanah persendirian
    BEBANAN KESELAMATAN Bebanan yang dikenakan terhadap kayu atau struktur binaan lain dengan mengambil kira kerosakan pada struktur tersebut. faktor keselamatan
    BELUKAR Kawasan yang dipenuhi pokok-pokok liar, semak
    BENALU / DEDALU Tumbuhan parasit daripada famili Loranthaceae
    BENTANG BALAK Alas kayu yang digunakan untuk menggolekkan atau mengheret balak dari tapak tebangan ke matau atau tempat longgokan balak. kuda-kuda, bor balak
    BENTUK SILARA Pelbagai bentuk rimbunan daun yang menutupi bahagian atas pokok pain
    BERKELOK-KELOK Berlengkok-lengkok
    BERLENGKOK-LENGKOK Selekoh pada sungai disebabkan aliran air apabila sungai melalui kawasan yang agak rata seperti aliran yang menghampiri muara. berkelok-kelok
    BETAU / BETAU BALAK Kawasan yang dijadikan tempat pengumpulan sementara balak terlatak di dalam atau di pingiran hutan
    BETUNG ALUR KELUAR Titik tempat air mengalir keluar daripada pembentungan atau parit
    BLOK Bungkah kayu atau logam yang digunakan untuk menyendal balak daripada bergolek dari atas lori semasa proses mengangkut, takal
    BONGKAH Potongan, ketulan sesuatu (tanah, batu, kayu dsb) yang agak besar
    BORANG Yang diikuti dengan suatu nombor, ertinya borang dalam Jadual Pertama yang dikenal pasti dengan nombor sedemikian;
    BORANG PROFORMA INDUSTRI BERASAS KAYU Borang rasmi yang digunakan untuk permohonan bagi pembinaan kilang baru dan permohonan bagi tambahan bangunan atau mesin kilang sedia ada.
    BOT BALAK Bentang balak
    BURUH HUTAN Pekerja atau individu yang menyumbangkan tenaga dan perkhidmatan untuk melakukan kerja-kerja di dalam hutan
    CACAT BENTUK Sebarang keadaan luar biasa atau tidak sempurna pada batang pokok yang mengurangkan isi padu, kekuatan atau nilai penggunaannyan
    CACAT SIHAT Sebarang ketidaksempurnaan balak yang tidak mengurangkan isi padu, nilai atau penggunaannya di pasaran
    CANTUM Mengambil mata tunas sesuatu pokok pada pokok lain daripada spesies yang sama untuk mendapatkan pokok yang lebih baik
    CAP BALAK Tanda hak milik pada balak
    CATUAN LUAS PANGKAL Sistem kawalan penjarangan pokok dalam satu dirian yang berasaskan anggaran luas pangkal pokok sebelum dan selepas penjarangan
    CATUAN TEBANGAN TAHUNAN (CTT) Suatu keluasan hutan pengeluaran dalam Hutan Simpanan Kekal yang ditentukan dan boleh diusahasilkan setiap tahun dalam sesuatu tempoh rancangan yang tertentu sejajar dengan konsep pengurusan secara berkekalan
    CELAH Oportunis ruang
    CERUK EKOLOGI Unit terkecil dalam habitat yang didiami oleh organisma, bagi mengkaji hubungan di antara organisma tersebut dan persekitarannya
    CIRI BAHAN API Sifat yang terdapat pada sesuatu bahan yang menyebabkannya mudah terbakar seperti kering dan mudah marak
    DAERAH RAGUTAN Kawasan yang telah ditentukan sebagai kawasan ragut haiwan ternakan
    DASAR HUTAN Prinsip dan garis panduan yang digunakan dalam mengambil sesuatu tindakan berdasarkan objektif tertentu yang mempunyai hubung kait dengan kawasan hutan
    DATARAN PERSISIRAN Kawasan lapang yang luas dan rata yang terdapat di sepanjang pantai
    DENDROLOGI Bidang ilmu atau kajian mengenai pokok, contohnya mengenai ciri fizikal atau fisiologi bagi spesies pokok
    DENDROMETER Alat untuk mengukur dimensi pokok khususnya diameter yang melebihi ketinggian paras dada
    DEPOT HUTAN Kawasan sementara atau kekal di dalam hutan yang disediakan untuk mengumpul dan menyimpan keyu dan hasil hutan lain sebelum dibawa keluar
    DERIAN SEBAYA Dirian yang mempunyai pokok-pokok daripada kelas umur yang sama
    DESA HUTAN Perkampungan hutan
    DIAMETER ARAS DADA Ukuran diameter pokok yang diukur pada ketinggian aras dada
    DIAMETER ATAS BENGKAK Pengukuran biasanya dilakukan di luar kulit kayu. Nilai diameter ini digunalan dalam pengurusan hutan untuk menentukan isi padu dirian dan had tebangan . garisan pusat aras dada
    DIAMETER ATAS BENGKAK Diameter yang diambil pada batang yang bengkak pada paras dada. Lazimnya ukuran diambil di bahagian atas bengkak atau purata di bahagian atas dan bawah bengkak. Diameter atas bengkak.
    DIAMETER ATAS KULIT Ukuran diameter batang pokok, dan termasuk kulitnya
    DIAMETER MIN Garis pusat min
    DIAMETER NORMAL Garis pusat normal
    DIAMETER TENGAH Diameter pada titik tengah ketinggian pokok
    DIAMETER USAHA HASIL Ukuran diameter tertentu yang menunjukkan kematangan sesuatu pokok atau dirian hutan yang sesuai untuk dituai",
    DIPTEROCARPACEAE Famili tumbuhan yang menghasilkan kayu balak yang paling penting dan dominan di Malaysia dan Asia Tenggara. Tumbuhan dalam famili ini menghasilkan isipadu kayu yang paling banyak dan mempunyai nilai dagangan yang paling tinggi di Malaysia, dan hampir kesemua spesies dalam famili ini boleh didagangkan. Kayu ini boleh digolongkan dalam tiga kumpulan, berdasarkan ketumpatan dan ketahanan, iaitu kumpulan kayu keras ringan, kayu keras sederhana dan kayu keras berat. Contoh kayu keras ringan ialah alan, gerutu, melantai, meranti bakau, meranti merah muda, meranti merah tua, merawan, dan mersawa contoh kayu keras sederhana ialah alan batu, kapur dan keruing dan contoh kayu keras berat ialah balau, balau merah, cengal, resak, resak,giam dan penyau.
    DIRIAN BIJI BENIH ELIT Dirian yang terdapat pokok pilihan terbaik khusus untuk penghasilan biji benih
    DIRIAN BIJI BENIH NORMAL Dirian yang dipilih untuk menghasilkan benih yang mempunyai pertumbuhan dan ciri-ciri yang sama dirian provenannya
    DIRIAN ELIT Sejumlah pokok yang terbaik dan terpilih serta telah dibuktikan kualitinya melalui kajian
    DIRIAN KURANG BAIK Dirian yang terdiri daripada tumbuhan berkualiti rendah
    DIRIAN NORMAL Dirian yang diisi sepenuhnya dengan pokok pelbagai peringkat umur mengikut giliran hasil
    DIRIAN SEBAYA Dirian yang mempunyai pokok-pokok daripada kelas umur yang sama. Kelas umur dianggap sama sekiranya perbezaan umur antara pokok tertua dangan termuda tidak melebihi 20% jangka masa giliran tebangan
    DIRIAN TINGGAL Pokok-pokok dan anak pokok yang masih terdapat di dalam Hutan Simpanan Kekal selepas pengusahasilan hutan dijalankan.
    DIRIAN UTAMA Dirian yang terpenting di dalam sesuatu kawasan hutan
    DITETAPKAN Ditetapkan oleh mana-mana kaedah;
    DUSUN Kebun buah-buahan
    EKONOMI HUTAN Bidang ekonomi yang seluruhnya atau sebahagian besarnya berkaitan dengan pengeluaran hutan
    EKOPELANCONGAN Industri pelancongan yang berasaskan alam semula jadi seperti tumbuhan, haiwan dan bentuk muka bumi yang mempuyai daya tarikan tersendiri serta menarik minat pelawat
    EKOSISTEM Komuniti organisma yang saling memerlukan dengan persekitaran yang didiami
    EKOSPESIES Haiwan dan tumbuhan yang boleh melaksanakan rekombinasi genetik dengan spesies yang sama dari kawasan lain
    EKOTIP Sekumpulan kecil tumbuhan dan haiwan yang sesuai hidup pada satu habitat
    EKOTON Zon antara dua komuniti tumbuhan yang berbeza yang mengandungi spesies daripada kedua-dua komuniti tersebut, seperti pinggir hutan
    EKSOTIK Berkenaan tumbuhan atau haiwan yang diperkenalkan dan dibawa masuk dari negara luar. asing, luar
    EKSTRAK Proses memindahkan balak dari tapak tabangan ke tempat melonggok tanpa melelui jalan hutan. pengekstrakan
    EKTOPARASIT Parasit yang hidup pada luar badan perumah, seperti kutu dan tungau
    ELIT Pokok pilihan yang terbaik untuk tujuan pengeluaran biji benih. pokok elit
    ENDOSPERMA Tisu simpanan dalam buji benih yang mengandungi nutrien daripada minyak, lemak, kanji dan protein pada kebanyakan biji benih engiosperma. Nutrien ini penting untuk perkembangan embrio
    EPIFIT Tumbuhan yang mendapat ruang dan cahaya matahari secara mengakar pada batang tumbuhan lain seperti dinding. Contohnya paku pakis
    EVAPOTRANSPIRASI Penyejatan air dari tanah ke atmosfera dan transpirasi air daripada tumbuhan
    FAEDAH TAK LANGSUNG Manfaat yang didapati secara sampingan bukan secara langsung
    FAKTOR AGIHAN Faktor taburan
    FAKTOR BENTUK 1. Nisbah isi pedau kayu yang diperolehi daripada hasil darab tinggi pokok dengan luas pangkal yang biasanya diukur pada ketinggian aras dada, iaitu 1.44 m. Faktor bentuk digunakan untuk menganggarkan isi padu kayu yang boleh dihasilkan daripada sesuatu dirian
    FOLIO LEJAR Folio yang digunakan untuk merekod butir-butir bayaran deposit dan premium serta penyenggaraan akaun royalti dan ses pembangunan hutan bagi sesuatu lesen/permit.
    GARIS-L Kelarian jalan tuju yang telah ditanda dan disahkan di lapangan
    GARIS-P Cadangan kelarian jalan tuju bagi sesuatu kawasan pembalakan dalam Hutan Simpanan Kekal yang dikemukakan oleh bakal pemegang lesen untuk semakan Jurutera Hutan Negeri
    GERGAJI GELONG Gergaji yang digerakkan dengan takal yang mempunyai diameter tertentu. Gergaji ini digunakan untuk tujuan membelah kayu balak, meracik kayu balak yang telah dibelah atau meracik semula kayu sayong untuk meningkatkan perolehan.
    GERGAJI PEMBELAH Gergaji gelong yang digunakan untuk membelah kayu bulat. Gergaji ini dilengkapi dengan penghulur automatik atau separa automatik.
    GERGAJI PEROLEHAN Gergaji gelong yang digunakan untuk meracik semula kayu sayong untuk meningkatkan perolehan
    GERGAJI RACIK Gergaji gelong yang digunakan untuk meracik kayu bulat yang telah dibelah
    GUANO Termasuklah tahi burung dan tahi kelawar;
    HAK LALU LINTANG Had kelebaran kawasan yang dibenarkan untuk pembinaan jalan. Kawasan ini termasuk kawasan permukaan jalan, parit, potongan cerun dan kawasan untuk pembukaan naungan.
    HASIL HUTAN a) yang berikut apabila dijumpai di dalam atau dibawa keluar dari hutan simpanan kekal: b) guano, gambut, batu batan, pasir laut, pasir sungai, kerang laut, pasir kerang dan tanah permukaan; c) yang berikut apabila dijumpai di dalam atau dibawa keluar dari hutan simpanan kekal atau tanah Kerajaan: i. pokok dan semua bahagian atau hasil pokok yang tidak disebut selepas daripada ini; ii. tumbuh-tumbuhan termasuk pepanjat, tumbuhan menjalar dan rumput, dan semua bahagian atau hasil tumbuh- tumbuhan sedemikian; iii. sutera, kokun, madu dan lilin dan sarang burung boleh makan; iv. yang berikut sama ada dijumpai di dalam atau dibawa keluar dari hutan simpanan kekal, tanah Kerajaan, tanah lombong, tanah rizab atau tanah beri milik:kayu, kayu api, arang, getah, getah daun taban, minyak kayu, kulit kayu, ekstrak kulit, damar dan atap;
    HASIL KECIL HUTAN Hasil hutan yang dinyatakan dalam Bahagian B Jadual Kedua; Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    HASIL UTAMA HUTAN Hasil hutan yang dinyatakan dalam Bahagian A Jadual Kedua; Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    HUTAN SIMPANAN KEKAL Mana-mana tanah yang dijadikan atau disifatkan telah dijadikan suatu hutan simpanan kekal di bawah Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    HUTAN TERBUKA Mana-mana hutan simpanan kekal atau sebahagian daripadanya yang diisytiharkan sebagai hutan terbuka di bawah seksyen 45 Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    HUTAN TERTUTUP Mana-mana hutan simpanan kekal atau sebahagian daripadanya yang diisytiharkan atau disifatkan sebagai hutan tertutup di bawah seksyen 45 Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984 dan tidak dibenarkan masuk ke dalam hutan tertutup tetapi ada pengecualian tertentu dibawah seksyen 47.
    INDUSTRI HILIRAN Industri yang memberi penumpuan kepada aktiviti pemprosesan kedua (secondary) dan ketiga (tertiary) untuk menghasilkan produk separa siap atau siap dan mempunyai nilai ditambah (value added) yang tinggi.
    JALAN Termasuklah apa-apa rintisan, lorong, jambatan dan kawasan lapang untuk meletakkan rel;
    JALAN HUTAN Mana-mana jalan yang terletak dalam hutan simpanan kekal tetapi tidak termasuk jalan yang diisytiharkan sebagai jalan Persekutuan atau jalan Negeri;
    JALAN SEKUNDER Jalan kekal dua (2) atau satu (1) lorong menghubungkan kawasan pengusahasilan hutan dengan jalan utama.
    JALAN TUJU Jalan kekal satu (1) lorong dalam kawasan pengusahasilan hutan yang menghubungkan kawasan matau sementara dengan jalan sekunder atau jalan utama dan digunakan terutamanya oleh lori berwin (San Tai Wong)
    JALAN UTAMA Jalan kekal dua (2) lorong semua musim menghubungkan matau besar dengan jalan kampung atau rangkaian jalan awam berturap (jalan JKR) dan digunakan terutamanya oleh lori balak untuk mengangkut balak ke kilang-kilang memproses kayu.
    KADAR PEROLEHAN Peratusan bahan mentah yang menjadi produk setelah melalui proses pengilangan
    KAEDAH-KAEDAH Kaedah-kaedah yang dibuat di bawah Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    KAWASAN KERJA Kawasan kompartmen atau subkompartmen dalam Hutan Simpanan Kekal di mana dijalankan kerja-kerja penandaan dan pengesahan sempadan untuk pelaksanaan aktiviti-aktiviti Inventori Hutan Sebelum Tebangan (Pre F), Penandaan Pokok, Pengusahasilan Hutan, Inventori Hutan Selepas Tebangan (Post-F) dan Rawatan Silvikultur
    KAWASAN LESEN Suatu kawasan yang lesenkan untuk pengusahasilan hutan
    KAWASAN LESEN Kawasan yang diberi sempadan di bawah perenggan 20(a) Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    KAYU Termasuklah pokok apabila ditebang atau telah ditebang, dan semua kayu sama ada dipotong, dibentuk atau dirongga ataupun tidak bagi apa-apa maksud;
    KAYU API Kayu yang sesuai hanya bagi kegunaan bahan api, atau kayu yang ditebang dengan sah bagi kegunaan bahan api dan tidak digunakan, atau, pada pendapat Pengarah,yang tidak dicadang untuk digunakan bagi maksud lain;
    KAYU BULAT Mana-mana bahagian yang dipotong daripada pokok, dan yang mempunyai garis pusat tidak kurang daripada tiga puluh sentimeter pada sebelah hujungnya yang besar, yang tidak disediakan untuk digunakan selain membuang kulit dan dahan dan sama ada bersegi kasar atau dibahagi secara membujur yang tidak melebihi empat keping supaya mudah diangkut atauditukar;
    KAYU JARAS Mana-mana bahagian yang dipotong daripada pokok, dan yang mempunyai garis pusat kurang daripada tiga puluh sentimeter pada sebelah hujungnya yang besar, yang tidak disediakan selanjutnya untuk digunakan selain membuang kulit dan dahan yang menganjur;
    KESALAHAN HUTAN Suatu kesalahan di bawah Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    LESEN Suatu lesen yang dikeluarkan di bawah Bab 2 Bahagian IV Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    LESEN KECIL Suatu lesen yang dikeluarkan di bawah seksyen 28 Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984 dimana Pihak Berkuasa Negeri boleh membenarkan pengambilan apa-apa hasil utama hutan yang tidak melebihi tujuh puluh meter padu atau mana-mana hasil kecil hutan dari mana-mana; a) hutan simpanan kekal; atau b) tanah Kerajaan.
    LESEN PEMINDAH Suatu yang dikeluarkan di bawah subseksyen 40 (1) Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984 di mana tiada seorang pun boleh memindahkan apa-apa hasil hutan dari mana-mana; a) tanah beri milik; b) tanah di bawah lesen pendudukan sementara; c) tanah lombong; atau d) tanah rizab, melainkan jika dia adalah pemegang suatu lesen pemindah.
    LOJI PENUKARAN Mana-mana loji, kilang atau premis, dengan atau tanpa struktur atau pembaharuan, di dalam atau di mana hasil hutan adalah atau boleh ditukar bentuk;
    LORONG PENARIK Lorong sementara untuk laluan ke kawasan tebangan bagi menarik balak yang dibina dengan gangguan tanah yang minimum.
    MENGAMBIL Berhubungan dengan hasil hutan termasuklah setiap aktiviti yang terlibat dalam? a. pengusahahasilan, pemungutan, penorehan, perlombongan, penguarian atau pemindahan apa-apa hasil hutan; b. pencacatan atau perosakan hasil hutan; atau c. peragutan ternakan di atas hasil hutan.
    MENTERI Menteri yang bertanggungjawab bagi perhutanan;
    MESIN BINDU Mesin yang digunakan untuk mengupas kayu balak untuk dijadikan vernir. Mesin ini beroperasi secara putaran
    NOTIS BORANG 2 Suatu Notis memerintahkan pemegang lesen supaya memberhentikan kerja jika terdapat pelanggaran Akta atau lesen, yang dikeluarkan dibawah seksyen 25 Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    OVERBURDEN Lapisan tanah yang dibuang semasa kerja-kerja pengkuarian dijalankan untuk tujuan pengambilan batu atau bahan-bahan galian lain.
    PAS PEMINDAH Suatu pas bagi memindahkan hasil hutan yang dikeluarkan di bawah seksyen 70 Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    PEGAWAI HUTAN Pegawai yang dilantik di bawah subseksyen 3(1) Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    PEGAWAI POLIS Mana-mana anggota Polis Diraja Malaysia;
    PEKHIDMAT Mana-mana orang sama ada dia seorang warganegara Malaysia atau bukan yang diambil bekerja bagi upah;
    PELAN KAWASAN KERJA Pelan yang mengandungi maklumat asas bagi melaksanakan kerja penandaan sempadan di lapangan. Maklumat mengenai bearing dan jarak dari stesen ke stesen yang dinyatakan di dalam pelan ini merupakan panduan untuk melaksanakan kerja penandaan sempadan di lapangan dan boleh berubah mengikut keadaan topografi di lapangan.
    PEMEGANG LESEN Seseorang yang lesen dikeluarkan kepadanya;
    PENGANGKUT Termasuklah kapal, kereta api, kenderaan, pesawat udara atau apa-apa cara pengangkutan lain yang dengannya orang atau barang boleh dibawa;
    PENGARAH Pengarah Perhutanan Negeri yang dilantik di bawah subseksyen 3(1) dan termasuk Timbalan Pengarah Perhutanan Negeri, dan dalam seksyen 25, 26 dan 27 termasuk juga Pegawai Hutan Daerah;
    PERANGKAP KELODAK (SILT TRAP) Penghalang kelodak yang dibina mengandungi bahan-bahan penapis tertentu atau dari bahan semulajadi. Perangkap ini dibina di antara kawasan yang menghasilkan bahan kelodak dengan kawasan alur air untuk menghalang pengumpulan endapan di dalam alur air. Amalan ini digunakan untuk menghalang dan memerangkap kelodak-kelodak kecil yang dibawa oleh air dari kawasan yang diganggu atau yang terlibat dengan pembinaan.
    PERMIT JALAN Suatu permit jalan yang dikeluarkan di bawah seksyen 50 Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    PERMIT MASUK Suatu permit untuk memasuki hutan simpanan kekal yang dikeluarkan di bawah perenggan 47(1)(c) Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    PERMIT PENGGUNAAN Suatu permit bagi menduduki atau menjalankan apa-apa aktiviti di dalam mana-mana hutan simpanan kekal yang dikeluarkan oleh Pihak Berkuasa Negeri di bawah subseksyen 33(2) Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984
    PIHAK BERKUASA KEWANGAN NEGERI Pegawai Utama yang bertanggungjawab mengenai perkara ? perkara kewangan sesuatu negeri.
    POKOK Termasuklah akar, tunggul, batang, dahan, daun, belukar, palma, buluh, rotan dan tumbuhan jalar;
    POKOK IBU Pokok yang dipilih daripada pokok-pokok matang yang mempunyai sifat-sifat fizikal yang baik dan ditanda untuk dikekalkan bagi tujuan pengeluaran biji benih.
    POKOK RUJUKAN PUSAT IKATAN Pokok berhampiran dengan PI yang dijadikan sebagai pokok rujukan dan ditandakan dengan dua (2) gelangan cat merah. Anak panah ke arah pancang PI dan huruf ?PI? juga ditandakan. Tanda Jabatan dicap di bawah huruf PI.
    POKOK RUJUKAN SEMPADAN Pokok sempadan yang ditanda nombor siri dengan cat merah serta dicap dengan Tukul Tanda Sempadan
    POKOK RUJUKAN STESEN Pokok yang ditanda dengan gelangan cat merah, huruf stesen dan anak panah menunjukkan arah stesen sempadan serta dicap dengan Tukul Tanda Sempadan.
    POKOK SEMPADAN Pokok yang ditanda dengan gelangan cat merah disepanjang sempadan kawasan kerja atau kawasan lesen/permit bagi menandakan kelarian sempadan kawasan tersebut.
    POSTING SLIP Slip yang digunakan untuk mencatatkan bayaran deposit, premium dan debit/kredit akaun royalti dan ses pembangunan hutan pada folio lejar lesen/permit. Catatan dibuat dengan menekapkan posting slip tersebut ke atas folio lejar yang berkaitan
    PREMIUM Termasuklah apa-apa jumlah wang yang dibenarkan untuk ditaksir sebagai ganti premium;
    PRIMA FACIE Andaian undang-undang (legal presumption) yang membawa maksud pada zahirnya (on the face of it) atau pada pandangan pertama (at first sight). Prima facie ialah fakta yang anggap betul sehinggalah disanggah dengan keterangan-keterangan sebaliknya. Sebagai contoh, bukti penghantaran surat adalah dianggap bukti prima facie di mana orang yang dialamatkan dalam surat tersebut dianggap menerimanya dan keterangan ini akan diterima oleh mahkamah sehinggalah dibuktikan sebaliknya.
    PUSAT IKATAN (PI) Suatu titik rujukan di atas tanah yang digunakan sebagai punca untuk menentukan kedudukan stesen permulaan sempadan. PI lazimnya dipilih dari ciri geografi yang kekal seperti cabang sungai, jambatan kekal, bench mark atau stesen trigonometri. Selain dari ciri geografi yang kekal, stesen permulaan sempadan atau stesen sempadan Kawasan Kerja/Kawasan Lesen bersebelahan juga boleh digunakan sebagai PI.
    RANCANGAN MENGUSAHA HASIL HUTAN Satu dokumen yang disediakan oleh pemegang lesen mengikut seksyen 20b(i), Akta Perhutanan Negara 1984 yang mengandungi butiran mengenai pemegang lesen, kontraktor, sumber hutan dan perancangan pelaksanaan aktiviti pengusahasilan dalam kawasan lesen.
    RANCANGAN MENGUSAHA HASIL HUTAN Suatu rancangan kendalian yang menyatakan cara dan kaedah bagi menebang pokok dari suatu hutan simpanan kekal atau tanah Kerajaan tertentu, atau sebahagian daripadanya, untuk memastikan pengambilan pokok sedemikian secara teratur;
    RANCANGAN PENGHUTANAN SEMULA Rancangan kendalian yang berhubungan dengan penubuhan tanaman pokok atau penanaman semula pokok di suatu kawasan dalam hutan simpanan kekal
    RANCANGAN PENGURUSAN HUTAN Suatu rancangan kendalian yang berhubungan dengan aktiviti atau program silvikultur, ekonomi atau pemuliharaan yang ditetapkan bagi sesuatu hutan simpanan kekal tertentu atau sebahagian daripadanya untuk memastikan pengambilan, penanaman semula dan pemuliharaan pokok dengan teratur mengikut prinsip perolehan berkekalan;
    REKOD UKURAN Suatu rekod bagi ukuran hasil hutan yang dibuat oleh mana-mana pegawai hutan mengikut peruntukan Bab 3 Bahagian V dan mana-mana kaedah;
    ROYALTI Sejumlah wang yang kena dibayar kepada Pihak Berkuasa Negeri ke atas hasil hutan yang diambil yang mana jumlahnya ditaksir berdasarkan kuantiti dan jenis hasil hutan mengikut kadar yang ditetapkan dalam Kaedah-Kaedah Hutan.
    ROYALTI Termasuklah apa-apa jumlah wang yang dibenarkan untuk ditaksir sebagai ganti royalti;
    SESI PEMBANGUNAN HUTAN Sejumlah wang yang kena dibayar kepada pihak Berkuasa Negeri ke atas hasil hutan utama yang diambil yang mana jumlahnya ditaksir berdasarkan kuantiti dan jenis hasil utama hutan mengikut kadar yang ditetapkan dalam Jadual Ketiga APN 1984 bagi membiayai aktiviti-aktiviti pengurusan, pembangunan dan pemeliharaan hutan.
    SETINGGAN HUTAN Kawasan penempatan sementara pekerja hutan seperti kerja pembalakan dan sebagainya
    SIJIL KELAYAKAN JENTERA Sijil yang dikeluarkan oleh Jabatan Kesihatan dan Keselamatan Pekerjaan yang mengesah dan memperakukan keselamatan penggunaan mesin-mesin yang dipasang.
    STESEN PERMULAAN SEMPADAN Stesen pertama dalam kerja-kerja pengukuran dan penandaan sempadan Kawasan Kerja atau Kawasan Lesen/Permit.
    TAKSIRAN Sesuatu pernyataan secara bertulis yang dialamatkan kepada mana-mana orang menyatakan amaun apa-apa royalti, premium, ses, caj atau jumlah wang lain yang kena dibayar kepada Pihak Berkuasa Negeri oleh orang yang kepadanya pernyataan itu dialamatkan;
    TANDA Berhubungan dengan hasil hutan ertinya menanda, mengecat, mengecap, melabel atau selainnya untuk mengenal pasti hasil hutan; dan ?suatu tanda? termasuklah apa-apa huruf, nombor, simbol dan tanda lain, yang digunakan bagi mengenal pasti hasil hutan;
    TANDA HARTA Sesuatu tanda yang seseorang pemegang lesen berhak meletakkan pada kayu untuk menyatakan bahawa dia adalah berhak ke atas kepunyaan kayu sedemikian setelah membayar semua royalti, ses dan caj lain yang kena dibayar kepada Pihak Berkuasa Negeri ke atas kayu itu dan setelah memperoleh pas pemindah;
    TANDA JABATAN Tanda yang dicap pada pokok dengan menggunakan Tukul Tanda Jabatan yang ditetapkan sebagai pengesahan yang pokok berkenaan telah ditanda untuk sesuatu tujuan oleh seorang Pegawai Hutan.
    TANDA PENGELASAN Suatu tanda nombor lesen yang dicap pada permukaan kayu balak dengan menggunakan Tukul Tanda Pengelasan bagi menunjukkan asal kayu balak tersebut.
    TANDA SEMPADAN Termasuklah apa-apa batu ukur, paip besi atau pepaku besi, pancang kayu atau tiang kayu, tiang konkrit atau tonggak konkrit, pokok bertanda atau tanda ukur lain yang dibuat atas arahan Pengarah;
    TERNAKAN Termasuk gajah, kerbau, kuda, kuda padi, baghal, keldai, babi, biri-biri dan kambing;
    TUKAR BENTUK Berhubungan dengan hasil hutan ertinya memproses atau mengawet dengan apa-apa cara selain? a. mengusaha hasil, memungut atau memindah hasil hutan dari tempat yang ianya diusaha hasil atau dipungut; b. menual, memotong atau menseliat apabila perlu bagi maksud atau bersampingan dengan maksud pemindahan dari mana-mana hutan; atau c. membentuk hasil hutan dalam mana-mana hutan jikadibenarkan secara khusus oleh mana-mana kaedah;
    TUKUL TANDA PENGELASAN Tukul besi yang mempunyai tanda pengelasan yang didaftarkan di Jabatan Perhutanan Negeri oleh pemegang lesen. Tukul ini digunakan untuk mengecap tanda pengelasan pada pemukaan kayu balak yang dikeluarkan dari kawasan lesen.
    UNDANG-UNDANG HUTAN TERDAHULU Mana-mana undang-undang yang berhubungan dengan hutan yang berkuat kuasa dalam sesuatu Negeri pada bila-bila masa sebelum Akta ini mula berkuatkuasa.
    ZON PENAMPAN ALUR AIR Kawasan di sepanjang kedua-dua belah tebing alur air (yang mengandungi air sepanjang masa) yang perlu dikekalkan. Pokok sempadan kawasan zon ini ditanda dengan satu (1) gelangan cat kuning.

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